Engineering LED Reuters (senior fellow at the Institute of Engineering LED industry standard Zhang) LED Engineering Research Institute, according to industry statistics, currently under construction in China LED sapphire substrate projects over 30, with a total planned capacity of more than the sum of the rest of the world. However, the actual expansion of the sapphire substrate in 2011 does not seem to be smooth. To this end, Gaogong LED interviewed Mr. Xu Yongliang, President of Hong Kong Core Technology Co., Ltd., in order to understand the overall progress of the LED sapphire substrate project in China by understanding the market sales of LED sapphire crystal growth furnace.
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From the end of last year to the beginning of this year, according to the analysis of investment plans announced by various companies, the industry estimates that the market size of China's LED sapphire crystal growth furnace will reach more than 1,000 units or even 1,500 units in 2011. Judging from the current progress, the actual number of installed LED sapphire crystal growth furnaces in China this year is far less than 1,000, which is estimated to be around 400 (excluding small machines of 2 to 5 kg). According to the total delivery data of VEECO and AXITRON 2011 MOCVD (about 800 in the world, more than 50% in the domestic), the gap in the global newly added market for sapphire furnace is more than 2,000, and the domestic demand is more than 1,000. However, the LED sapphire market is still mainly imported from Russia, the United States and Taiwan. 
The LED sapphire crystal market looks very big, very hot, and the scale of the plan is very large. However, many companies are doing exploratory experiments. Although the number of single contracts is more than 100, it is generally between 5 and 20 units in the first phase. The actual production capacity in the next 6 months will be far behind. Not enough for the overall needs of the domestic market.
The main reasons for the slow progress of China's LED sapphire substrate project: First, the start is relatively late, and the project supporting construction can not keep up. Second, the rapid development of sapphire industrialization has led to a serious shortage of qualified technicians.
According to our current visits to the project companies, the reason for the slow progress is mainly from the latter, that is, the serious lack of technical team with deep understanding of industrialization. Domestic enterprises may have experts with strong operational capabilities and rich theoretical knowledge. However, industrialization not only considers the theory of long crystals, but more importantly, relies on advanced equipment and qualified technicians to achieve low cost. Large-scale production operations, only in this way can ensure the continued competitiveness of enterprises. From the experience of successful Changjing enterprises abroad, most of the companies that can become bigger and stronger are based on the combination of the advanced nature of equipment and the technical team.
The brewing method has the best route, and the crystal grown by the bubble method accounts for more than 50% of the global supply market.
At present, the mainstream sapphire crystal growth processes in the world are the bubble generation method (KY method), the pulling method (CZ method), the guided mode method (EFG method), the enthalpy drop method, and the heat exchange method (HEM method).
Among them, the LED substrate market share of the bubble growth process is over 50%, and the market share of other growth process methods is only over 40%. The bubble method has the highest market share, and it has also been proven by many domestic and foreign experiments to be the most cost-effective LED sapphire production process. The advantage of the bubble method is that the crystal quality is higher and the cost is lower. The disadvantage is that the traditional bubble furnace is used. The stability of the crystal quality depends on the technical level of the operator, the stability is poor, and the dependence on humans is high.
In Tiras, the level in Japan is higher, but the cost is also high.
Guided-mode method, currently only the crystals produced by Kyocera and Miki in Japan can be used for LED substrates, and the sapphire crystals produced by the domestic guided-mode method cannot meet the requirements of the LED industry.
å©åŸšDescent method: the cost is lower, but the crystal quality is not high, and it is not suitable for substrate production of 4 inches or more.
The heat exchange method has to be further verified that, from the current market supply situation, the market share of LED-grade crystals produced by the heat exchange method is still small.
Quality stability and consistency are more important than simply seeking dislocation density
The dislocation density of the sapphire crystal can reach about 1000 per square centimeter, and other growth processes range from thousands to tens of thousands.
However, the importance of crystal quality stability is much higher than the pursuit of a reduction in dislocation density. Theoretically, the lower the dislocation density, the better, but even if the dislocation density reaches several thousand, if the batches are relatively stable, the requirements of the LED substrate can be satisfied. From an extension point of view, we are very concerned about the stability of the technical specifications of sapphire substrates.
Global LED sapphire crystal furnace equipment manufacturers comparison
At present, the main suppliers of soaking furnace furnace furnace equipment are Russian equipment and Ukrainian equipment. There are also a number of soaking sapphire crystal growth furnace equipment enterprises in China, whose style is basically similar to Russian and Ukrainian equipment. The problem with these devices is that the manufacturing process of the device itself is rough, the reliability of the device is not high, and the degree of automation is low. The crystal growth technology depends largely on the level of the technician (for example, the Russian bubble method for operation) The requirements of the personnel are expert level), otherwise the difference in product stability will be very large, the quality difference between the furnaces is also large, and the dislocation density changes greatly.
The biggest advantage of the Cristian ISS equipment is the high degree of automation of the equipment. The ISS3520 maintains the advantages of the bubbling method while greatly reducing the technical requirements of the operators, and the equipment stability, safety and reliability are very good. With our equipment, the ratio of each class of crystallizers to the furnace is 1:16. For example, 3 people per class can control 48 units, and the average person can control 16 units. The dislocation density of the finished crystal of the Crest ISS3520 can be maintained at around 1000.
Photos of Krist ISS 3520 