What are the hottest features for smartphones right now? Of course it is fingerprint recognition, just look at the new smartphones released in the last six months. In addition to the metal body and 2.5D glass, fingerprint recognition has become another big selling point for many new mobile phones. So, how much does it cost to buy a fingerprint phone? This is really hard to say. Counting the latest release of a certain brand of Android smartphones, the "ground" of fingerprint phones has been fully expanded from high-end models to low-end models, and the price has dropped from six to seven thousand yuan to the lowest 699.

So, what magical power does the fingerprint recognition technology have that can stand out among the many cool features? What is the difference between the fingerprint recognition module of so many fingerprint mobile phones of different price points? Should we buy a fingerprint phone with a price of only 699 yuan? I believe these issues have been circling in everyone's minds for a long time. In this issue of the machine situation observation room, the author will briefly introduce to you the past and present of fingerprint recognition, and take a look at how this old Wang Xietang Qianyan flew into the homes of ordinary people.

Why do mobile phones use fingerprint recognition technology?

To say why this smart phone has taken a fancy to fingerprint recognition technology, we must first talk about the use, advantages and disadvantages of fingerprint recognition technology. As we all know, the uniqueness of fingerprints makes fingerprint identification technology one of the safest biometrics. Of course, technologies such as iris recognition and retina recognition also have high security, but the posture of using this technology is very important, and its high cost has become an obstacle to the promotion of these biometric technologies on mobile phones. In contrast, fingerprint recognition technology is much more casual and free, coupled with the relatively low application cost and small space occupation of the technology, all make it the darling of mobile phone security.

Fingerprint recognition is more comprehensive and accurate than other biometric methods

On the other hand, with the continuous increase of smart phone functions, personal privacy and security issues have begun to plague everyone. Finding a smart phone that can effectively protect personal privacy has become a rigid demand for many users. Under this circumstance, the major mobile phone manufacturers saw the right time and launched their own fingerprint recognition mobile phones one after another, and one after another advertised the invincible protection function. However, as mentioned before, the price of fingerprint mobile phones has dropped from the high-end market of 6,000 to 7,000 yuan to the market within 1,000 yuan, so is there any difference in fingerprint recognition technology for fingerprint phones with such a big price difference? What? This talks about the specific classification of fingerprint recognition technology.

Principle and classification of fingerprint recognition module

As mentioned earlier, the uniqueness of fingerprints allows it to be used as one of the biological characteristics of identity recognition, and the fingerprint recognition module is to realize the recognition of individual fingerprint characteristics through a specific sensor module. In layman's terms, every fingerprint mobile phone will have a fingerprint recognition module, through which the user's fingerprints are collected and converted into data, and then stored in a specific area of ​​the mobile phone storage for recall when needed. The key point of different fingerprint identification technologies is the different ways of collecting fingerprints.

According to different ways of collecting fingerprints, fingerprint identification modules are currently mainly divided into optical fingerprint modules, capacitive fingerprint modules and radio frequency fingerprint modules. Among them, the optical fingerprint module, as its name suggests, uses light reflection imaging to identify user fingerprints. This type of fingerprint module has certain requirements on the temperature and humidity of the use environment, and the recognition accuracy is not ideal. In addition, this type of module is generally Will take up more space, making it difficult to make a difference on the mobile phone.

iPhone 5s fingerprint recognition module

The capacitive fingerprint module uses silicon wafers and conductive subcutaneous electrolyte to form an electric field. The fluctuations of the fingerprint will cause different changes in the pressure difference between the two, thereby realizing accurate fingerprint measurement. This method has strong adaptability and no special requirements for the use environment. At the same time, the space occupied by the silicon wafer and related sensor elements is within the acceptable range of the mobile phone design, which makes the technology popular on the mobile phone side. . It should be pointed out that the current capacitive fingerprint module is also divided into swipe type and push type. Although the former occupies a small volume, it has great disadvantages in terms of recognition rate and convenience. This also directly leads to all manufacturers. Focused on the push-type (capacitive) fingerprint module with more casual operation and higher recognition rate.

Samsung Note4 uses a swipe fingerprint module

For the last type of radio frequency fingerprint module, the current stage includes radio wave detection and ultrasonic detection. The principles are similar to the sonar that detects seabed materials. The specific shape of fingerprints is detected by signal reflection at a specific frequency. The biggest advantage of this type of fingerprint module is that the finger does not need to be in contact with the fingerprint module, so it will not have much impact on the appearance of the phone. Based on this, the radio frequency fingerprint module has also become one of the main development directions of fingerprint recognition in the future.

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