Research and Application of Smart Appliance Interconnect Technology

With the rapid development of intelligent control technology, computer and information technology, the trend of integration of information appliances IA (InformaTIon ApplicaTIon), computer and communication has become obvious, and the home network has emerged. Customers are increasingly demanding home appliances, and smart homes and networking have become a trend. That is, the home appliance does not need people to control, the person's work is only to set a series of objective functions and target parameters and work schedules, etc., other work is realized by the microcomputer of the home appliance through certain calculation methods and control methods, for example, smart air conditioners can According to different seasons, climates and user's location, the working status is automatically adjusted to achieve the best results, and energy saving is achieved as much as possible to meet people's needs. Most of the electrical equipment in the home can be connected to the network in a certain way, and remote control and automatic control of these devices can be realized. Home networking realizes the exchange of internal and external information, providing people with a variety of personalized, convenient, comfortable, safe and efficient services, so there is a large potential market. At present, China's smart home appliances are in the trial stage, and further research and development are still needed. The goal of energy saving, consumption reduction, health, environmental protection, and comfort of home appliances can be more easily realized through intelligent and networked home appliances, thereby achieving energy conservation in the use process. As a home appliance enterprise, research and application of energy-saving technology, intelligent technology and network technology for home appliances will play an important role in upgrading the overall home appliance industry in China and maintaining competitive advantage.

The purpose of this paper is to solve the key technologies of home appliance interconnection, so as to improve the intelligent and networked level of home appliance enterprises in our province, reduce household energy consumption, meet the requirements of energy saving, environmental protection, comfort and convenience of home appliances, and enhance the products of home appliance enterprises in our province. Market Competitiveness.

1 Smart home appliance network

Smart home appliances, that is, appliances that have the feeling, can think, communicate well, and learn. Smart home appliances are home appliances that are formed after the introduction of microprocessors and computer technology into home appliances. They have home appliances that automatically monitor their own faults, automatic measurement, automatic control, and automatic adjustment and remote control center communication functions. For example, in the hot summer before sending a text message to get off work, the air conditioner in the home will start working; when the air conditioner can sense the temperature of the owner while sleeping, the temperature will be automatically adjusted, thus avoiding the worry of catching a cold because of blowing air conditioner; the washing machine can achieve precise washing time and precision. Water consumption and precise drying time are efficient and energy-saving, so energy conservation and environmental protection have also become a trend in the development of smart appliances. The smart home appliance network includes smart home appliance gateways, external networks and local networks, home appliances, security equipment, etc. The key to realizing the interconnection of smart home appliances lies in the development and application of home gateways. In the home information network technology system, the connection between the home and the Internet requires a home network central controller (home gateway). The home gateway is connected to the Internet network externally, and the home appliance is interconnected and centrally controlled and managed through the internal LAN of the home, as shown in Figure 1. As the core device of smart home appliance networking, the home gateway manages or controls the network access of home appliances.

The future of smart home appliances will mainly develop in three directions: intelligent, adaptive and networked. Intelligentization is the function of simulating many people's thinking or activities as much as possible for home appliances; adaptive is the ability of home appliances to automatically adapt to work methods and processes according to their own state and external environment. Therefore, this ability makes home appliances in their The use process is in the most efficient and energy-saving state; network is a form of building a home appliance industry, networked home appliances can be remotely managed by users, and interoperability between home appliances can also be achieved.

2 Embedded Home Gateway

2.1 Introduction to Embedded Home Gateway

The embedded system is application-centered, based on computer technology, and can be tailored for hardware and software. It is suitable for application systems with special requirements for functions, reliability, cost, size, and power consumption. Control, monitoring, or management of other devices. A gateway is essentially an IP address that a network leads to other networks. A typical home gateway combines ADSL access and LAN-side wireless access with routers, hubs, and modems. In order to realize the exchange of external information with each home appliance, it is necessary to combine the embedded system with the home gateway and design an embedded home gateway to implement it. It can make embedded home appliances such as TVs and refrigerators connect to the Internet through a home gateway and transform into a home appliance network.

The embedded home gateway is a network device located inside a modern home. Its function is to connect home users to the Internet, enable multiple smart devices located in the home to communicate with each other, or enable these smart devices to connect to the Internet. Service. From a technical point of view, the embedded home gateway implements bridging/routing, protocol conversion, address management and conversion inside and outside the home, and assumes the responsibility of the firewall.

2.2 Embedded Home Gateway Features

Because the embedded home gateway is a bridge between the home network and the external Internet, it has a very important position. The functions provided by the embedded home gateway will directly affect the use, control and management of smart home appliances. A good embedded home gateway should enable the exchange of information inside and outside the home safely and efficiently. It should have the following basic features:

(1) Sharing information: Through the home gateway, residential users can obtain various family services. For example, receiving emails, browsing various online information, and subscribing to various newspapers and periodicals;

(2) Intelligent management: It will manage the operation of communication home appliances in the home, so that multiple PCs and other information devices inside the home can effectively share broadband access to ensure the normal operation of the home network system;

(3) Automatic operation: It can connect all household electrical appliances in the home to the network, and through the relevant management control software, it can realize management monitoring and fault diagnosis of household electrical appliances. If a fault occurs, the home management control system will prompt accordingly to signal the homeowner;

(4) Energy-saving safety: Through the network management system, it is possible to remotely manage and control the operation of home appliances in the home, and improve the efficiency of home appliances. At the same time, various types of detection and alarm devices can be installed in the home to manage and control family safety and fire protection. If a gas detection alarm is installed in the home, if there is a gas leak, when the gas alarm detects that the gas concentration reaches the critical point set by the explosion or poisoning alarm, the gas detection alarm will send out an alarm signal to effectively prevent explosion and fire. , poisoning accidents;

(5) Simple operation: Because the network system is used by most users, considering the differences in various aspects of the user, the operation of the system is simple, convenient, and reliable, and most people will use it;

(6) Firewall: Network security has always been a key issue to consider. The embedded home gateway should have certain anti-network attack capabilities to provide a relatively secure network environment for the home internal network.

2.3 Advantages of Embedded Home Gateway

The embedded home gateway is implemented by the embedded operating system, so it also has the characteristics that the embedded system should have, so we can configure different embedded home gateways according to different networks. The embedded home gateway not only has the function of an ordinary home gateway, but also has a firewall and communication information encryption function. The firewall can prevent unauthorized access and attacks on the internal devices of the external network; encryption is a powerful means to provide confidentiality, authenticity, integrity and restrictive access to data.

3 Based on embedded home gateway appliance interconnection system

The structure framework of the home appliance interconnection technology system based on embedded gateway introduced in this paper is shown in Figure 2. The embedded home gateway hardware platform is centered on the ARM9 microprocessor, and the external access to the Internet through the LAN, the home appliances in the home pass The home's internal wireless LAN is connected to realize the management and control of home appliances. In this way, the user can query and control the running status of the home appliance through the PC, and can also manage and control the home appliance through the handheld control terminal in the home.

The system mainly adopts the direct access topology form, and the home devices of the device form a plurality of star networks to realize local and remote real-time control of devices in the home. The hardware platform consists of an embedded host gateway, a microprocessor, a wireless communication control module, peripheral devices, and a HUB. HUB is a multi-port transponder. When a HUB is used as the center device, a certain line in the network is faulty and does not affect the work of other lines. It can provide users with multiple access network modes, such as dial-up and broadband networks. And the like, the wireless communication module realizes connection with a plurality of network home appliance controllers through serial communication. Since the embedded Linux operating system is a software platform system that can handle complex tasks with open source, can be reduced, small kernel but very stable, the operating system of the application gateway is intended to use the embedded Linux system.

4 home appliance network communication control process

(1) Registered home gateway: After the user logs in to the embedded home gateway through the embedded web server web page, the home gateway registration is performed first.

(2) Send control information: After the registration is successful, the home appliance control information is submitted to the home gateway, and the home appliance control information is converted into the home appliance control command, and then the embedded home gateway application program packages the home appliance control command according to the communication protocol, and passes the wireless module. Send to home appliances.

(3) receiving the control command and executing: after receiving the control frame, the home appliance unpacks the information frame according to the protocol frame format, extracts the frame type, the effective control instruction and the related valid information, and sets and operates the home appliance. .

(4) Return current status information: After the operation is completed, the current state of the set home appliance is packaged according to the format of the above state frame according to the above format, and sent to the embedded home gateway.

(5) Receiving new instructions and executing, the communication ends: after receiving the status frame sent by the home appliance, the embedded home gateway sends an acknowledgement frame to the home appliance, and then calls the corresponding home gateway application for processing according to different state frames. . If the embedded home gateway does not receive a status frame within the specified time (300 ms), it will resend this control frame three times to the home appliance. When the home appliance receives the confirmation frame sent by the embedded home gateway, the communication ends.

If the home appliance does not receive the confirmation frame, it will continue to send the status frame three times and then end. If the embedded home gateway does not receive the status frame sent by the home appliance, the embedded home gateway will report the setting failure to the user and end the communication.

5 Conclusion

With the continuous development of information technology and network, home appliances are evolving in the direction of intelligence, network and information, constantly satisfying people's pursuit of entertainment, information, comfort, convenience and freedom. Smart home appliances are interconnected and remote. Control is the product of adapting to this trend. The system combines embedded technology and network technology to make the intelligent home appliance interconnection more convenient and reliable.

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