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At present, regarding the precise application of plant protection drones , the main concern in the industry is how to accurately control the spray flow of the nozzles, while ignoring the effect of spray droplet size on the control effect of pesticides, especially for accurate variable sprays. In-depth.
Today, let's talk about how the plant protection drone can control the spray particle size and control the spray flow to achieve the best control effect, improve pesticide utilization, and reduce environmental pollution.
Droplet particle size - a key factor affecting the spraying effect of plant protection drones
The effect of the spray is closely related to factors such as droplet size, droplet drift and sedimentation speed. Among them, the droplet size is an important parameter that is relatively easy to control in the pesticide spraying technology, and it is also one of the key factors that directly affect the spray quality and operation effect of the plant protection drone.
Reasonable control of the particle size of the droplets is the key to achieving the best control effect with the least amount of drug and reducing environmental pollution. 
As shown in the figure above, a coarse droplet with a particle size of 400 μm becomes 8 droplets after it becomes a medium droplet of 200 μm. When the particle size is reduced to 100 μm, it becomes 64 small droplets. Droplets; 512 droplets at 50 μm.
The droplet size has a very close relationship with the droplet coverage density and the amount of liquid spray. As the particle size of the droplets shrinks, the number of droplets increases geometrically, and as the number of droplets increases, the probability of pesticides hitting the target increases significantly and the coverage becomes more uniform.
We use two figures to specify the effect of the size of the droplets on the control effect of the drone spraying. 
During the spraying of pesticides, the droplets with large particle size are easy to settle, and it is not easy to drift with the wind or evaporate, but the distribution is uneven, the adhesion is poor, and the liquid medicine is easily lost due to bouncing and rolling, which greatly reduces the prevention and control of pesticides. The effect also pollutes the water and soil environment.
The droplet size is small and will be relatively susceptible to drift due to airflow, which may cause damage to adjacent crops. However, the coverage density and coverage uniformity of the fine mist droplets on the surface of the crop leaves are much better than those of the coarse mist droplets, and the adhesion ability is good, the loss is not easy, and the utilization rate of the pesticide is high.
In addition, the fine droplets have better penetrating ability, can penetrate deep into the canopy of the plant with the airflow, and deposit on the front of the leaves in the depth of the fruit trees or plants and the back of the leaves where the large droplets are difficult to deposit; for the conductivity in the leaf tissue Poor agent, atomization fine energy can improve the efficiency of biological reaction. 
That is to say, for a pesticide having a contact action, the droplet size is small and the control effect is better.
Of course, because the droplets are more favorable for sedimentation, and the droplets have a small coverage and good permeability, the best way to achieve the best effect is to find a suitable balance point in the size of the droplets, that is, the optimal grain. The diameter is to give full play to the advantages brought by the particle size, so as to effectively control pests and diseases. This involves the question of how to control the particle size of the droplets.
Control of droplet size: pressure nozzle VS centrifugal nozzle
During the spraying operation of the plant protection drone, the liquid medicine is dispersed by the atomizing part of the drone to form fine droplet particles. In the process of fogging, the nozzle is the core component of pesticide atomization.
At present, there are two types of drone nozzles: pressure nozzles and centrifugal nozzles. Next, let's compare the fogging principles of the two nozzles and their respective advantages and disadvantages. 
By comparison, in general, the centrifugal nozzle can better control the diameter of the droplet, and the atomization effect is better, which is more conducive to the spraying of the pesticide.
Biological optimum particle size and pesticide control effect
As mentioned earlier, it is necessary to find a suitable balance point in the size of the droplet to achieve the best effect. So how do you find this balance?
Studies have shown that different biological targets capture a range of droplet sizes, and only in the optimal particle size range, the target captures the largest number of droplets and the best control effect, which is the "bio-optimal particle size theory". .
Using this theory, a certain droplet size and spraying technique can be designed according to the characteristics of the pests, thereby greatly reducing the application amount of the pesticide and improving the control effect.
For different biological targets, the optimal particle size range of the droplets for different types of pesticides to control pests is also different, as shown in the following table: 
That is to say, if the droplets are too large or too small, it is not conducive to the prevention and control of pests and diseases. Only when the droplet size and the number of droplets reach the optimal combination, the best control effect will be produced.
Of course, the optimal particle size of the spray is also affected by many factors. For the same pest, different pesticides, different targets, different chemical concentrations and even different pests, the optimal spray particle size of the pesticide is different. Variable spray based on optimal spray particle size is one of the major challenges in precision dispensing technology.
The way to crack - develop precision and controllable variable particle size nozzle
In order to improve the utilization rate and control effect of pesticides and reduce resource waste and environmental pollution, the variable spraying technology related to aviation application is a research hotspot and key in the industry. For variable spraying, the current focus in the industry is on the change in spray flow, and little attention is paid to the effect of spray flow change on the droplet size.
In fact, combining variable spraying with variable particle size spraying to find the intrinsic relationship between them and developing a precise and controllable variable particle size spray system is the way to solve the problem of precise application of drugs.
At present, in terms of variable spraying technology, P20 ultra-low-capacity high-speed centrifugal atomizing nozzle developed by Feifei can atomize pesticides to small droplets below 100 μm, and can precisely control nozzles according to different wind speeds and flight speeds. Spray volume, spray speed, spray width. 
In particular, the spray size of the P20 centrifugal nozzle can be continuously adjusted between 90 and 120 μm, that is, the diameter of the droplet can be precisely controlled to meet the operational needs of different crop pests and diseases, thus achieving a good application. Drug effect. Achieving double precision control of spray flow rate and droplet size is a major breakthrough in aerospace application technology.
To sum up, today we mainly analyze the effect of droplet size on the control effect of pesticides. It is known that for pesticides with contact toxicity, the control of droplets with small particle size is better; for different pests, it is suitable for use. The optimal particle size range of the droplets is also different, which puts higher requirements on the precise control of the droplet size and the variable adjustment.
In the current plant protection drone market, variable spray systems using centrifugal nozzles are preferred. The continuous improvement of the dual precision control ability of the spray flow rate and the droplet size will surely become the development direction of the precision application technology of agricultural aviation.
In recent years, the excessive application of pesticides and chemical fertilizers in China has become serious, and the environmental pollution and agricultural product quality and safety problems caused by this have become increasingly prominent. A group of pioneers of precision agriculture have begun to explore how to solve or alleviate these problems by improving the utilization rate of pesticides and reducing the amount of pesticides through the precise spraying of plant protection drones .