How to configure the router ã€Practice of training】 Figure 3-1 Huawei routers are configured by command line. In order to carry out the experiment smoothly, let's first introduce several configuration modes of Quidway series routers. Figure 3-2 In any mode (except normal user mode), you can use Ctrl + Z to directly return to privileged user mode. Using the exit command can only exit gradually until it returns to normal user mode. Fork Type Terminals,Insulated Bullet Sockets Terminals,Insulated Bullet Terminals,Type Fork Insulate Terminal Taixing Longyi Terminals Co.,Ltd. , https://www.txlyterminals.com
(1) Familiar with the router.
(2) Understand the configuration of the router.
(3) Master the basic configuration commands of the router.
(4) Understand the upgrade method of the router.
ã€lab environment】
The equipment in the laboratory is networked as shown in Figure E3-1, but in this experiment, everyone actually only needs one router. We still conduct experiments in groups of two students, each operating a router. The switch in Figure E does not require any configuration, it simply needs to be understood as a hub. As shown in Figure 3-1. 
[Experimental steps]
11. The router configuration mode The console port is the most basic way to configure the router. The console port configuration mode must be used when configuring the router for the first time. When configuring the router with the console port, a special serial port configuration cable is required to connect the console port of the router to the serial port of the host. Before the experiment, check whether the configuration cable is connected correctly and determine which serial port of the host computer to use. This parameter is required when creating a HyperTerminal. After completing the physical connection, create a hyper terminal. Windows systems generally include HyperTerminal software in the attachment. During the creation process, pay attention to select the corresponding serial port (com1 or com2) and configure the serial port parameters.
â— Ordinary user mode: directly enter the ordinary user mode after booting. In this mode, you can only query some basic information of the router, such as the version number.
â— Privileged user mode: Enter the enable command in the normal user mode to enter the privileged user mode. In this mode, you can view the configuration and debugging information of the router.
â— Global configuration mode: Enter the configure command in the privileged user mode to enter the global configuration mode. In this mode, the configuration of global parameters is mainly completed. The specific configuration is described in detail in the following experiments.
â— Interface configuration mode: Enter interface interface-type interface-number in global configuration mode to enter interface configuration mode. In this mode, the configuration of interface parameters is mainly completed. The specific configuration is described in detail in the following experiments.
â— Routing protocol configuration mode: In the global configuration mode, enter router rip to enter the routing protocol configuration mode. In this configuration mode, you can complete some related configuration of the routing protocol. As shown in Figure 3-2. 
The following is the interface for mode switching on the router, you can refer to it to familiarize yourself with the mode switching.
Quidway> enable
Password:
Quidway # configure
Enter configuraTIon commands, one per line. End with command exit!
Quidway （config） #interface serial 0
Quidway (config-if-Serial0) #interface ethernet 0
Quidway (config-if-Ethernet0) #exit
Quidway （config） #router rip
waiTIng ...
RIP is turning on
Quidway (config-router-rip) #
When using the command line for configuration, we cannot completely remember all command formats and parameters, so Huawei routers provide a powerful help function for maintenance and engineering personnel. You can use "?" In any mode to help Complete the configuration. Use "?" To query the commands that can be used in a specific mode, or the parameters that can be entered after a certain parameter, or the commands that start with a certain letter. Try entering "?" Or "show?" Or "s?" In the global configuration mode to see what help information is displayed.
Second, the basic configuration commands of the router
111. Display VRP software version and router hardware version can display VRP software version and router hardware version in any mode, such as the show version command in ordinary user mode
2. Set password
The Enable command is used to switch from normal user mode to privileged user mode. As long as the enable command is executed in privileged user mode, the password can be set. The specific input and output information are as follows:
Quidway (config) #enable
Current Password: // Original password
New Password: // New password
Confirm new Password: // Confirm new password
Change Enable Password successfully
3. Erasing, saving, and displaying configuration information In order for the experiment to proceed smoothly, it is often necessary to restore the default configuration of the router before configuring the router to avoid the previous configuration from affecting the experiment. The specific operation steps are as follows: execute the erase command in the privileged user mode to erase the information in FLASH; execute the reboot command in the privileged user mode to restart the router; enter the privileged user mode and execute the show running-config command to view the configuration information.
4. View interface status (show interface)
It is often necessary to determine whether a physical interface is normal through interface information.
5. View routing table (show ip route)
The show ip route command is used to display the current routing table of the router, which helps to check the running status of the network when configuring the routing protocol. In the default configuration, the routing table is displayed as follows:
Quidway # show ip route
RouTIng Tables:
DesTInation / Mask Proto Pref Metric Nexthop Interface
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
Two of the addresses are dedicated to the router itself.