Developing an economical and even profitable method of desulfurization is crucial for China to deal with smog problems. Zhang Liwu's research group realized the first generation of hydrogen production from SO2 in flue gas by using photoelectrocatalytic technology. Photoelectrolysis of water to produce hydrogen is a widely studied hydrogen production technology, but the oxidation of water on the anode during photoelectric decomposition of water significantly restricts the efficiency of the process. Since the oxygen production process requires four electrons and is slow, the economic value of the oxygen produced is not high. The sulfite produced by the desulfurization process can be used as a sacrificial reagent for hydrogen production, so that desulfurization can be combined with photoelectrochemical hydrogen production. It has been found that if SO2 is introduced into the anode of hydrogen produced by photoelectrolytic water, the hydrogen production efficiency can be improved hundreds of times. It is calculated that about 0.03 kg of SO2 is generated for each 1 kWh of thermal power generated. If the SO2 is subjected to photo-generated hydrogen by this method, about 10 liters of hydrogen is produced. In 2016, China's thermal power generation was about 4.5 trillion kWh (accounting for more than 70% of total power generation). It consumes about 1.1 billion tons of coal and produces about 135 million tons of SO2. In view of the large-scale haze weather problem in recent years in China, the SO2 emission concentration standard in flue gas is also more demanding, so the desulfurization amount of the power plant will continue to increase. If the technology can be applied to the thermal power generation desulfurization process, there will be about 45 trillion liters (45 billion cubic meters, about 4 billion kilograms) of hydrogen energy, a conservative estimate of 160 billion yuan, saving electrolysis water consumption. At 13.5 million kWh, the economic, environmental and energy benefits it brings are enormous. This technology is of great significance in the management of smog, the resolution of energy crisis and sustainable social development. The paper was published on March 22, 2017 in Environmental Science: Nano (Environ.Sci.: Nano, 2017, DOI: 10.1039/C6EN00638H) and was selected as the cover of the current period. The first author is a 2015 PhD student. Han Wei. The author of the communication, Professor Zhang Liwu, returned to the Environment Department of Fudan University from Cambridge University in 2014. The National Youth Thousand Talents Program was selected as a Humboldt Scholar in Germany and a Marie Curie Scholar in the European Union. The research relies on the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution Prevention and Control, and is supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology and the National Natural Science Foundation.
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At present, the phenomenon of smog has become more and more prominent in China, especially the heavy fog has become increasingly fierce. Studies have shown that sulfur dioxide (SO2) in the atmosphere will eventually form sulfuric acid fumes, which is one of the culprit causing heavy haze. In addition, because SO2 can irritate the eyes, skin and respiratory tract, it poses a serious hazard to human health. Flue gas from coal-fired power plants is the main source of SO2 in the atmosphere, so it is important to effectively reduce SO2 emissions from coal-fired power plants. The domestic coal-fired power plants have adopted a large-scale wet flue gas desulfurization technology. The desulfurization efficiency of this technology is relatively high, but there are still insufficient desulfurization costs and energy waste.