In 2014, Deloitte commissioned a study from Oxford University to point out that in the next 20 years, one-third of jobs in the UK will likely be replaced by robots, such as simple repetitive processing and secretarial, with a salary of 30,000 pounds per year. The probability of being replaced is five times that of an annual salary of £100,000.

Since 2001, the number of library staff, clerks, sales-related occupations, travel agencies, and secretarial positions in the UK have been reduced by more than 40%. At the same time, there have been some positions unheard of in the workplace for nearly 10 years. For example, social media interns, data scientists, and weight loss trainers are all the fastest growing occupations in the world. In addition, research shows that 40% of jobs in the UK are low-risk or no-risk, and do not have to worry about being taken away by robots. These jobs include financial services, computers, engineering, arts, media, and healthcare. A large proportion of UK employees are already engaged in high-tech work and will not be easily replaced by robots.

Machine replacement is not a false proposition. It is a normal phenomenon. Since the machine was invented, it has been proved that the labor efficiency of the machine far exceeds that of human beings, and the phenomenon of "machine substitution" has been occurring and has not stopped at all. As technology continues to advance, robots are better than the machines in terms of technical means and functions, and they are more convenient, faster, and smarter to use, so robot replacements will continue for a long time. So, will robots cause massive unemployment?

The industrialization basis of each country is different, and the degree of "machine substitution" is not exactly the same. Since the industrial revolution was completed early, the level of automation in the UK is still relatively high. However, the industrial scale of the United Kingdom is already very small, and there are fewer large industrial enterprises. Some small industrial enterprises may choose machines with relatively high degree of automation, not necessarily large-scale selection of robots. Whether it is the United Kingdom or another country, the lower the technology content, the easier it will be eliminated. However, the situation in our country is completely different. The "machine-for-agent" work has only just started. The outbreak of the concentration has not yet begun. However, as the level of science and technology in China continues to increase, the quality of the workforce continues to increase, and labor-intensive industries will gradually be replaced by robots. Low-tech jobs will be replaced.

On the one hand, we have a very large-scale traditional manufacturing industry. In order to improve the energy efficiency of the unit and deal with environmental pollution, we will eliminate a large number of outdated production capacities and carry out comprehensive technological transformations. The newly transformed factories will use robots and other automated equipment. On the other hand, in the process of vigorously developing emerging technologies and emerging industries, automation equipment such as robots will be widely used. At the same time, China is about to enter an aging society, and labor shortage will become more and more serious.

Judging from the situation of China’s “machine substitution”, it will not cause a lot of labor to lose its job. As the robot is a complex and comprehensive system engineering, a series of new jobs will naturally be born in the R&D, production, sales, and supporting services. Every major industry reshuffle will eliminate a group of traditional backward production capacity, support the rise of a number of new industries, change some of the workforce and work environment of the labor force, and it will also be a normal replacement of the workforce again and again. Every year, there are 7 million university graduates in China, which indicates that a large number of talented people with certain cultural qualities and certain scientific and technological levels are filling the economic construction. These young university students are no longer satisfied with going to a traditional industry as an ordinary industrial worker. At present, the “Innovation, Entrepreneurship, and Makers” wave, which is being further promoted throughout the country, will provide a variety of stages for more insightful people.

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