【Abstract】Ding Ping, a senior expert in lighting design and general manager of the China branch of the Lighting Design Partner Office in the UK, will share with you the lighting design in the building.
Ding Ping, a senior expert in lighting design and general manager of the China branch of the Lighting Design Partner Office in the UK, will share with you the lighting design in the building.

At present, in addition to some high-end projects in the country, professional lighting design companies complete the specific program design, most of the rest are completed by the engineering company, and some projects are undertaken by the landscape design company. Ding Ping said: "Landscape design companies basically start from the function when considering lighting design; engineering companies are more closely connected with lighting manufacturers because of the needs of the project, which is different from our perspective; and professional lighting designers pay more attention to design. The theme, the atmosphere created, and the impact of lighting on people's psychology, we are more concerned about the issue from the perspective of Party A."

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From being questioned to being recognized

In Beijing, the use of professional lighting design in real estate projects has gradually increased. In the past, developers thought that it was entirely costly to invite lighting design consultants to participate in the project. They had some misunderstandings about the lighting design industry. They felt that designers should eventually seek products from manufacturers. In fact, this is the wrong idea. Ding Ping stressed that professional lighting design should be enabled at the initial stage of the project. During the construction process, the designer will give Party A some suggestions, such as: where to install the lights and when to install. Professional lighting designers will carefully consider the look of the building during the day and night, and strive to perfect the lighting effect, and then think about where to embed, because the structure of the building will be buried for the lighting equipment.

In China, due to the lack of experience of developers in lighting design, they have suffered a lot in the practical steps, resulting in a relatively chaotic light environment. The designer will design the project according to the nature and characteristics of different projects, and indicate the parameters and types of the lamps. Developers can get a lot of choices from professional design, so that they can easily face the price and quality of the lamps. Finally, they find that they are saved in both cost and energy, because the lighting equipment is used just right and there is no waste. While promoting energy conservation, designers should first avoid light pollution and glare when choosing lighting equipment, and select appropriate energy-saving lighting products on this basis.

Free, independent, professional

At present, there is basically no lighting design profession in domestic colleges, so people often understand the surface environment and light effects. In the West, they have long known about lighting design and believe that combining art and technology properly can form a beautiful light environment. Ding Ping uses free, independent and professional to describe the characteristics that lighting designers should have. Freedom and independence, indicating that the designer is not attached to any lighting manufacturer, he can specify the brand, but can not be interfered by the manufacturer; professional, as a professional lighting designer must consider for the customer, not the more the lamps are installed, the better. Nor is the light as strong as possible. Designers must not only emphasize aesthetics, but also know the art, technology and energy-saving knowledge, but also understand the human psychology and have certain communication skills, in order to provide true advisory services.


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Asic Miner

Application-Specific Integrated Circuit refers to an integrated circuit specifically designed to perform a specific computing task. It is very common to use ASIC for mining in the field of blockchain. This article will analyze the principle of ASIC mining and why it should be anti-ASIC.


For Bitcoin, mining has gone through four stages: CPU, GPU, FPGA and ASIC. GPU is naturally suitable for parallel simple operations, so the execution of SHA256 is much higher than the CPU. FPGA is a programmable hardware, because it has a certain degree of universality, so the unit price will be relatively expensive. ASIC has a large initial design investment, but the unit price will be cheaper after mass production. Therefore, if you can determine that the market size is relatively large, the use of ASIC technology will be the most cost-effective.

This is the basic principle of ASIC.


In a nutshell, mining is running complicated calculations in the search for a specific number. Whether it`s an ASIC miner or a GPU mining rig, mining hardware must run through many calculations before finding that number. In proof of work systems like Bitcoin, the first one to find that number gets a reward - at the time of writing, 12.5 Bitcoins worth around $96,850. That reward will fall to 6.25 Bitcoins in May 2020.

There are so many people and powerful computing systems trying to mine Bitcoin that miner groups form to find that number and share the profit. Even more, the faster your hardware, the more you earn. That`s why people who can afford it opt for ASIC miners because it gives them the greatest chance of earning cryptocurrency in exchange for their investment.

Each cryptocurrency has its own cryptographic hash algorithm, and ASIC miners are designed to mine using that specific algorithm. Bitcoin ASIC miners are actually designed to calculate the SHA-256 hash algorithm. In the case of Litecoin, it uses Scrypt. That means technically they could mine any other coin that`s based on the same algorithm, though typically, people who buy ASIC hardware designed for Bitcoin mine that specific digital currency.

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