Power battery ushered in the "retirement" small peak Power battery secondary use trillion-grade market to be developed The rapid development of China's new energy automotive industry has driven the rapid development of the power battery and related materials industries. With the first batch of power batteries gradually entering the retirement period, starting in 2018, China will usher in the "small peak" of power battery retired. Reporters learned that China's power battery recycling industry is still at an early stage of development, and the battery recycling system is not perfect. The technology for the use of ladders and recycling is not yet perfect. The market for the second-billion-dollar power battery utilization remains to be developed. Some industry insiders suggested that the market for power battery recycling should be stepped up to guide the sound improvement of related technologies to cope with the processing of more and more decommissioned batteries in the future, reduce environmental pollution, and truly turn waste into treasure. The first batch of power batteries began to retire General power batteries will retire in 5-6 years, and commercial vehicle batteries will be retired even in 2-3 years. From 2018 onwards, China will have a large number of power batteries into the scrapping period. According to projections, by the end of 2020 battery scrap will usher in a real peak, and the accumulated scrap will reach 120,000-170 thousand tons. According to the data from the Science and Technology Bureau of Hefei, Anhui Province, as far as new energy passenger cars are concerned, as of now, due to high battery replacement costs, no significant attenuation of battery capacity, and new energy vehicle positioning and other reasons, a large number of waste power batteries have not been generated. The latest promotion of new energy vehicles was actually used for nearly 7 years. It is expected that about 400 vehicles will be replaced and replaced between 2018 and 2020. With the increase in the amount of promotion in recent years, it will reach the outbreak period after 2020. In terms of new energy buses, the 30 pure electric bus batteries promoted in 2009 will be phased out and replaced at the end of 2017. It is expected that around 200 batteries of pure electric buses will be eliminated annually by 2018. People in the industry believe that although most of the power batteries are currently lithium batteries, discarding them at will also pollutes the environment. The organic substances in the power battery are toxic and have strong carcinogenic properties. Discarding them at random may have serious consequences. "The new energy car battery is valuable after its decommissioning and will not fall into the non-recovery phase." Wang Chuanfu, chairman and president of BYD, introduced the use of power battery recycling methods are mainly cascade utilization and resource recycling. Step-by-step utilization is the transformation of the vehicle's power battery with its capacity down to less than 80%. It is used in power storage applications such as grid peaking and frequency regulation, peak load shedding, and wind and solar energy storage. Recycling of resources is the recycling and utilization of nickel-cobalt-lithium resources by crushing, disassembling, and smelting power batteries that have already been scrapped. The recycling of power batteries will form a huge emerging market. It is estimated that the scale of China's power battery recycling will reach 10.7 billion yuan by 2020, including a cascade utilization market scale of about 6.4 billion yuan, and a recycling and utilization market scale of 4.3 billion yuan; by 2025, the total market scale will reach 37.9 billion yuan, including The market size of cascade utilization is about 28.2 billion yuan, and the scale of the recycling market is about 9.7 billion yuan. According to Du Jiangling, president of the General Motors China Academy of Sciences, the base station of a broadband wireless company in China originally used a lead-acid battery. At present, it has begun to use the decommissioned power battery as a base station battery. Kefeng Lithium Industry Co., Ltd. is a company with both lithium extraction from ore and lithium extraction technology from salt lakes. Liu Ming, vice president of the company, introduced that they have newly established a recycling technology company that specializes in the recycling of lithium batteries because they use batteries from other batteries. Recovery of rare elements such as lithium and nickel, cobalt, manganese, etc., technology is relatively simple, and the cost is lower. According to the analysis of the industry, according to the time of entering the market, lithium iron phosphate batteries will be the main target of recycling in the next five years, and the three yuan power batteries that will retire in 2023 will dominate the market. Therefore, recycling of power batteries first faces the problem of recycling lithium iron phosphate batteries. The recycling value of lithium iron phosphate is very low. Currently, it can be recycled for free or even collected for a fee, but it can be used as a cascade. "This market is far greater than the car." Shen Hui, the founder of Weimar Automobile, said that there are a lot of companies using cascades, including Tesla. "The price of Tesla has risen so fast because it is not only a car company but also a transition to an energy company. In the future, if every home uses a waste power battery to store energy, it will be used to the extreme." Need to crack the recovery and secondary use problems Since 2012, relevant national ministries have begun to promulgate policies, plans, and approaches for the recovery of power batteries. However, due to cost and technical problems, current levels of power battery related parties are not optimistic about the implementation of policies. At present, the overall recycling network system of power batteries is still not perfect. No matter whether it is cascade utilization or recycling, it has not yet truly formed a scale, and there is still a large room for technological upgrading. First, no substantive breakthrough has been made in the recycling of lithium batteries. According to the analysis of the Director of the Equipment Industry Department of the Economy and Information Committee of a province in the central province, the recycling network of the power battery is still not perfect due to the early system of recycling of ordinary consumer batteries in China. There are a few third-party recycling companies that have built their own systems. The recovery network is far from the formation of a power battery recycling system coordinated by car companies, battery companies, recycling companies, and logistics companies. At the same time, most of the waste batteries used by recycling companies come from battery factories, rather than from consumers. The enthusiasm of vehicle manufacturers for recycling batteries is also low. Although the country identified the main body of battery recycling as a car company, it was not enforced. An industry source said that some car companies think that they are struggling to recover the battery, but also spend money on battery processing companies to deal with, too much investment. He believes that this is essentially a problem of unbalanced distribution of benefits among battery companies, auto companies, and battery processing companies. "From the perspective of battery processing companies, is it that I spend money to buy batteries for you, or do you pay me to help you deal with batteries? These problems need to be resolved." Second, the technical obstacles to battery recycling have yet to be broken. According to Liu Ming, vice president of Li-Ying Li, Cascade utilizes standards that ensure the safety and consistency of battery modules to achieve reuse. For example, peaking and frequency modulation required by power grids and user-side peak-sharing and filling of valleys require equivalent to dozens of buses. The amount of battery in the car, which requires a high degree of "consistency" for the integration of batteries, has a high technical threshold. The greatest value of using cascades is to obtain the highest performance at the lowest cost. The current technology cannot promote the use of cascades to form scale effects. Yang Bing, deputy general manager of Anhui Wuhu Qida Power Battery System Co., Ltd. believes that although China has basically mastered the power battery recycling technology, it has the technical ability to handle various types of power batteries. However, in the dismantling process, the complexity of different types of battery manufacturing and design processes, the type of series and parallel connections, service and use time, and the variety of vehicle models and operating conditions may affect the complexity and safety of dismantling. . Again, battery recycling lacks both legally enforced constraints and lacks incentives for subsidies. The reporters found that the current regulation of the recycling of used batteries is mainly the department regulations and guidance documents issued by the environmental protection agencies, and there are no mandatory measures to ensure that the battery manufacturers undertake the responsibility for recycling. At the same time, China has not yet started research on relevant subsidy policies. Apart from Shenzhen, major cities have no intention of giving subsidies. This makes our country's power battery recycling use of various subjects lack external stimuli. Battery recycling industry requires active guidance Some experts suggested that China is still on the eve of the large-scale decommissioning of power batteries. Most of the companies in the industry are in the early stage of deployment. Recycling of power batteries has not yet reached scale. Many companies have yet to realize profitability. Leading companies and alliances of waste power battery recycling It hasn't really shaped yet. Therefore, if you want to carry out the relevant layout, before the end of 2018 is still an ideal time window. First, it must be managed through active guidance at the government level and through national mandatory standards. Sun Fengchun, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, believes that the most urgent task is to solve battery traceability problems as soon as possible. You can use the new energy vehicle supervision platform to establish a battery traceability mechanism so that the battery can be traced from the "life" to the "death", and intermediate links cannot be allowed to be lost. Du Jiangling, president of the General Motors China Academy of Sciences, also believes that the entire life cycle of a battery must be considered as the object of management and research. Xie Ping, party secretary and deputy general manager of Chengdu Dayun Automobile Group Co., Ltd. pointed out that there must be mandatory standards for battery universalization and recycling. Battery manufacturers should consider the convenience of recycling and environmental protection when designing products. In addition, the battery companies have to formulate, and recycling companies to crack the formula, the government should guide the establishment of industrial alliances, so that it can accelerate technological research, two to three years is expected to achieve a breakthrough. Second, the state must support specialized, high-tech battery recycling companies. Sun Fengchun believes that the state must support enterprises with R&D and refining capabilities in the industry, and in particular, guide the integration of cascade utilization companies and battery companies, and guide the integration of recyclable companies with resource material companies. The industry generally believes that the inevitable direction of the development of cascade enterprises is "energy storage", and battery companies will also take energy storage market as a battleground. With the mutual penetration and reorganization of the two types of companies, a group of leading battery companies with power batteries, battery cascade utilization and energy storage businesses will be formed in the future. Recycling companies are actively transforming materials and will form a batch of products in the future. The company is a leading battery material company with resources, recycling and materials business. Third, the state must explore a parallel system of deposits and awards to mobilize the enthusiasm of consumers and businesses. From 2008, the European Union imposed a mandatory requirement for battery manufacturers to establish a recycling system for used batteries, and made clear statutory obligations for manufacturers, importers, vendors, and consumers in the battery industry chain. At the same time, through the "depository system," consumers are encouraged to turn over used batteries. The "depository system" was also adopted by the United States. Many experts believe that China can also use the "depository system" to cultivate consumer awareness of battery recycling. In addition, the state must fully implement the “extended producer responsibility†system by establishing and improving a sound legal mechanism, and then use the legal force to stipulate all aspects and constrain all relevant subjects of the entire battery life cycle. In addition, the industry believes that in addition to increasing key technologies such as dismantling, reorganization, testing, and life prediction of used lithium batteries, it is necessary to formulate power lithium recycling recycling incentives and establish reward and punishment mechanisms. For example, companies that have not fulfilled their obligations under the recycling policy are punished, and the recycling and recycling enterprises are subsidized or tax-advantaged on the basis of the number of batteries, capacity, etc., to encourage innovation and application of business model innovation. 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