The rapid development of autonomous driving technology in recent years is an area that many traditional automakers and IT companies are vying for. The automatic driving capability of production models that have been or are about to be introduced to the market is between Level 2 (partial automation) and Level 3 (conditional automation). In September last year, the overseas version of the Cadillac 2018 CT6, which was the first to be equipped with GM's new Super Cruise super cruise system, was officially launched in the United States. The system was able to autopilot on the highway, freeing the driver's hands. What are the characteristics of this system, and what are the advantages and disadvantages of the two automatic driving systems of Tesla Autopilot and Audi Audi AI? Let's take a look at it. The Super Cruise Super Cruise System is a Level 2 autopilot system defined by the SAE American Society of Automotive Engineers. It can autopilot in a single lane of highway with high-definition map data. The working speed range is 0-143km/h (at approximately 80km/h). The system can be started). In addition to the automatic follow-up function of the ACC adaptive cruise system that is common on the market, the Super Cruise Super Cruiser automatically controls the direction of the vehicle so that the vehicle remains in the center of the lane and automatically passes through the corners. This enables the CT6 with Super Cruise super cruise system to automatically drive in a single lane of the highway, freeing the driver's hands and reducing the fatigue of long-distance driving. As mentioned above, the Super Cruise super cruise system can only achieve autopilot in a single lane, so it does not automatically change lanes to achieve overtaking. If you encounter a slow train ahead, the driver wants to change lanes, you can only do it manually. Functionally, the Super Cruise super cruise system features adaptive cruise and lane keeping, and its lane keeping system allows the driver to leave the steering wheel with both hands and is only responsible for monitoring the road conditions. This makes the system surpass the ordinary driver assistance system with adaptive cruise and lane keeping functions, and becomes a Level 2 automatic driving system. In general, some state and local laws in the United States require the driver's hand to be placed on the steering wheel at any time, but when the Super Cruise super cruise system is in normal auto-driving state, the driver's hands can leave the steering wheel, and this The practice is safe and is permitted by state and local laws. The above paragraph is a general statement of GM. Under the supervision of the strict traffic safety regulations of the United States, GM dared to prove that the Super Cruise Super Cruise System has reached a sufficient level of safety. The relatively narrow but clear operating domain, high-definition map data, and numerous road-sensing sensors on the vehicle are the hardware security for the vehicle's automatic driving. Of course, the general engineer has also contributed to the commissioning of the system for several years, because the software control strategy for dealing with various complex traffic conditions is one of the key technologies of the automatic driving system. Super Cruise Super Cruiser sensors for monitoring the environment in which the vehicle is located include: 1 long-range millimeter-wave radar, 5 short-range millimeter-wave radars, 1 monocular camera in the interior mirror position, and 4 cameras around the vehicle. , 1 GPS positioning system, 2 inertial navigation sensors and control unit for storing high-definition map data. In addition to the above-mentioned sensors for monitoring the environment and the control unit for decision making, the Super Cruise Super Cruise System also has a camera mounted at the steering wheel position to monitor the driver's attention. In order to illuminate the driver's face when lighting is insufficient, an infrared illuminator is also mounted on the outer ring of the steering wheel. Located in the center of the outer ring of the steering wheel is the Super Cruise Super Cruiser's warning light. In different situations, the light will illuminate different colors (red, blue or green) to alert the driver. I will give you a detailed introduction below. Please continue to look down. To use the Super Cruise Super Cruise System, you need to start the adaptive cruise system first. After the adaptive cruise system is activated, the vehicle will determine its location based on the GPS information. If the vehicle is on a highway that allows the use of the Super Cruise Super Cruise, a gray steering wheel icon will appear on the dashboard. The Super Cruise Super Cruise system is activated by pressing a button on the left side of the steering wheel to allow the vehicle to drive automatically on the highway. The Super Cruise Super Cruise System is a Level 2 level partial autopilot system, which means it requires the driver to monitor the road conditions and system health at all times. Since the system allows the driver to leave the steering wheel with both hands for a long time, the Super Cruise Super Cruiser's camera on the steering wheel monitors the driver's face orientation and eyes through face recognition technology. If the driver is distracted, the driver will be alerted by sound, vibration, warning light flashing, etc. The Super Cruise Super Cruise System alerts the driver in stages when the driver's line of sight is deviated or the system is faulty, prompting the driver to take over the vehicle. Â If the driver has ignored the vehicle warning, the vehicle will gradually slow down to stop. Then the vehicle will feedback the situation of the vehicle to the Anjixing Service Center through the Internet of Vehicles. The service staff of Anjixing will call to ask for information and provide assistance. The GM Super Cruise is the industry's first single-lane autopilot system that frees the driver's hands on the highway. In the application scenario of driving in a single lane of a highway, the Universal Super Cruise is more automated than the Tesla Autopilot system, where the driver cannot leave the steering wheel for long periods of time. After the accident, Tesla replaced the word "automatic driving" on the official website with "automatic assisted driving" to avoid misunderstandings; in addition, periodically check whether the driver's hands are pressed on the new Autopilot system. It is required to be placed on the steering wheel. If the driver ignores the warning of the steering wheel, the vehicle's Autopilot system will brake and decelerate until the vehicle stops, thus guiding the driver to develop the steering wheel to take over control of the vehicle at any time. The Tesla automatic driving system allows the hands to leave the steering wheel and does not mean that the driver can let go. On the contrary, the driver should always pay attention to the driving situation and road conditions. Limit the time that your hands leave the steering wheel. The purpose is to remind the driver, please be prepared to take over the vehicle at any time. This move by Tesla avoids the driver's excessive dependence on the automatic driving system and improves the safety of the vehicle. The driver's hand holds the steering wheel to take over the vehicle in the first time in case of an emergency to avoid accidents. . Tesla official said that the new system will reduce the accident rate by at least 50%. Tesla and GM have great differences in the concept of automatic driving system development. Tesla designs and manufactures self-driving cars with the thinking of IT companies, simplifies daily travel, and the goal is to achieve point-to-point full automatic driving. GM designs and manufactures self-driving cars based on the thinking of traditional OEMs. Technology to further optimize the user's driving experience while preserving the fun of driving the car. Audi's new A8 was launched in Germany last fall. The car is equipped with a Level3 autopilot system and is named "Audi AI". The new A8 can automatically drive at speeds below 37 mph (about 60 km/h) under complex road traffic conditions, completely liberating the driver's hands. The new A8 features an ACC adaptive cruise system and a lane keeping system that can be used to achieve driver assistance when the speed is above 37 mph. According to the SAE American Society of Automotive Engineers' classification of autonomous driving, the automatic driving system can complete all driving operations (such as lane change, overtaking, driving off high speed or sideways parking) is the biggest difference between Level3 system and Level2 system. In order to realize the functions of the Level3 system, the Audi A8 needs more sensors to monitor the road environment to improve the reliability of the system. At the same time, it needs complex control strategies to deal with emergencies (sudden emergency braking, congestion, pedestrians suddenly rushing) Get out of the way) to avoid traffic accidents. In addition to the camera, millimeter wave radar, and ultrasonic sensors, the Audi A8 also has a laser radar on the front to achieve more reliable obstacle recognition. The Lidar configuration is not yet available on the current Tesla MODEL S and Cadillac CT6, which also reflects the higher requirements of the Level 3 autopilot system for obstacle recognition in front of the vehicle. It can be seen that the new A8's autopilot system is more inclined to traffic conditions and automatic driving in urban road conditions. This is very different from the application scenario of the universal Super Cruise super cruise system. This may be because of the different car environments in Europe and the United States, which led Audi and GM to take different routes in product planning. If the Tesla Autopilot system is pulled in to discuss, the General Super Cruise Super Cruise System and the Audi Audi AI system have certain commonalities - the traditional OEMs are more willing to solve a single problem with new technology, fully automatic to Level5. The pace of driving is more gradual. The optical dome is mainly used to protect precision instruments, and the camera is used in harsh environments. Common optical glass domes are made of H-K9L produced by Chengdu Guangming, N-K5, N-BK7, and N-BK10 produced by German Schott Company, and S-BSL7 produced by Japanese Kohara Company.
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Introduction to the Universal SuperCruise Super Cruise System