The smart grid (smartgrid) combines the latest information, communication, computer control technology and the original transmission and distribution infrastructure to form a new type of power grid to realize the intelligentization of the power system. The goal of the smart grid is to achieve reliable, safe, economical, efficient, environmentally friendly and safe use of the grid. Smart grids must be safer and smart grids must be more environmentally friendly. The smart grid is a friendly way to meet the diverse needs of users and enhance the interactive and value-added service capabilities of the grid. The focus of smart grid development is power generation, transmission, distribution, power consumption and dispatch intelligence.

First, what is the smart grid

Smart grid (smartgrid) is to combine the latest information, communication, computer control technology and the original transmission and distribution infrastructure to form a new type of power grid to achieve intelligent power system. Smart grids can improve energy efficiency, reduce environmental impact, increase power supply safety and reliability, and reduce power loss in transmission grids.

Complex power systems require the grid to move toward intelligence. From power generation and transmission to distribution and power consumption, it is a system of interlocking, so the coordination requirements between various links are getting higher and higher. The emergence of any new thing will inevitably have a certain driving force. With the continuous increase of global resources and environmental pressure, the deepening of the power marketization process, and the continuous improvement of users' requirements for power reliability and quality, the power industry is facing unprecedented challenges and opportunities, making construction safer, more reliable and more environmentally friendly. The economic power system has become the common goal of the global power industry. In addition to these driving forces, the power system should first meet the needs of economic development.

Smart grid technology examples:

1. The intelligent instrument realizes the data connection with the power plant, and transmits the power load and electricity price information back to the power plant in real time. The consumers can know the electricity consumption and the electricity fee to be paid in time.

2. With the relevant information in the smart meter, people can set up corresponding procedures for the household appliances. When the demand for electricity is large, the power of the appliance is turned down or the appliance is turned off. When the power is used, the appliance can be turned on, and the power plant can even directly directly to the appliance. Issue instructions to reduce the electrical load at peak usage.

3. Smart meters can integrate decentralized, intermittent renewable energy generation such as wind energy and solar yang into the grid, and enable consumers to sell their own excess electricity to the grid.

4. The smart grid can coordinate the charging of multiple electric vehicles at the same time. A full electric car is also a mobile energy store.

The computer is applied to the power grid, and digital sensors and remote control devices are added to the existing power transmission and distribution system to realize data connection, acquisition, integration, and scientific analysis to make the power grid more intelligent, green and efficient. . Moreover, such a "smart grid" can reflect the status of the grid more timely and transparently.

Prospects for the future of smart grid

Second, the smart grid target

The goal of the smart grid is to achieve reliable, safe, economical, efficient, environmentally friendly and safe use of the grid. The grid can achieve these goals, which can be called a smart grid. The smart grid must be more reliable—the smart grid, no matter when the user is Wherever, reliable power supply is available. It provides adequate warning of possible problems with the grid and can tolerate most grid disturbances without powering down. It takes effective corrective action before the user is affected by a power outage to protect the grid user from power interruptions.

Smart grids must be more secure—smart grids can withstand physical network attacks without large outages or high recovery costs. It is less susceptible to natural disasters, and smart grids must be more economical—smart grids operate under the basic rules of supply and demand balance, with fair prices and adequate supply. Smart grids must be more efficient—smart grids use investments to control costs, reduce power transmission and distribution losses, and make power production and asset utilization more efficient. By controlling the power flow method to reduce the transmission power congestion and allow the cost of the power supply including the access of renewable energy.

Smart grids must be more environmentally friendly – ​​smart grids reduce environmental impact through innovations in power generation, transmission, distribution, energy storage and consumption. Further expand access to renewable energy. Where possible, in future designs, smart grid assets take up less land and reduce the actual impact on the landscape. Smart grids must be safe to use—the smart grid cannot harm the public or grid workers, that is, the use of electricity must be safe.

The main features of the smart grid:

1. It is a self-healing grid.

2. Incentives and include users.

3. Will resist the attack.

4. It is to provide power quality that meets the needs of users in the 21st century.

5. Will reduce power quality events from transmission and distribution systems.

6. Will allow access to a variety of different types of power generation and energy storage systems.

7. Will make the electricity market flourish.

8. Optimize its asset applications to make operations more efficient.

Third, the focus of smart grid development

1. Intelligent power generation. Research advanced power plant control, monitoring, condition diagnosis and optimization of operation control technology, strengthen plant network coordination and machine network coordination, improve the safety and economic operation level of power systems, carry out "digital power plant" technology research and demonstration, and accelerate the application of expert management systems. Comprehensively improve the operation and management level of power plants, accelerate the research on clean energy power generation and its grid-connected operation control technology, and carry out joint demonstration projects for wind and light storage and transportation to provide technical support for large-scale grid-connected operation of clean energy, and promote research on large-capacity energy storage technology. The rapid development of intermittent power supplies is needed.

2. Intelligent transmission. On the basis of the strong power grid coordinated by the power grids at all levels, the transmission link survey digitization, design modularization, operational status, information standardization and application network are gradually realized, and the transmission line state maintenance and life cycle management are fully implemented, and the transmission equipment status is constructed. Monitoring systems, widely used flexible AC transmission technology.

3. Transforming electricity intelligently. The substation will gradually realize the digitization of the whole station information, through platform networking, information sharing standardization, advanced application interaction, comprehensive collection and real-time sharing of grid operation data, support real-time grid control, intelligent adjustment and various advanced applications, and implement the whole life cycle. The management concept accelerates the intelligent transformation of hubs and central substations.

4. Intelligent distribution. Using advanced computer technology, power electronics technology, digital system control technology, flexible and efficient communication technology and sensing technology, the two sides operate and highly integrate the power flow, information flow and business flow of the distribution network, and build integrated, interactive, Intelligent power distribution system with self-healing, compatibility, optimization and other features to improve the flexibility of the distribution network to flexibly reconstruct, optimize and accept renewable energy. Accelerate the demonstration and promotion of microgrid technology to meet the requirements of distributed generation access and improve the reliability of distribution network.

5. Intelligent use of electricity. Build a smart electricity service system, realize the modern operation of marketing management and intelligent application of marketing business, and develop two-way interactive electricity service based on time-of-use electricity price to realize two-way interaction between power grid and users, improve user service quality, and satisfy users' diversification. Demand. Promote technological innovation and application in the fields of smart home appliances, smart power cells and electric vehicles, improve end-user energy models, improve power efficiency, and increase the proportion of electric energy in terminal energy consumption.

6. Scheduling intelligence. Adapt to the intelligent and reliable operation of intelligent power system, optimize the requirements of high efficiency, economical and environmental protection, and construct a dispatching safety defense line covering the three aspects of grid year and month mode analysis, daily plan check and real-time dispatch operation, and realize data transmission network. Operation monitoring panorama, dynamic evaluation of dynamics, fine-tuning of scheduling decisions, automation of operation control, optimization of network plant coordination, research and development of an integrated intelligent dispatching technical support system with international leading level and independent innovation, forming an integrated intelligent dispatching system .

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